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Mitroff (1996)
Management >
Crisis Management >
Lectures > Independent Research >
Mitroff's other book > Factors of CM -
Types/Phases
Factors of CM - Types/Phases
Types
Although no two crises are exactly alike, a crisis portfolio should
be developed, as a firm should continuously plan for the "unthinkable"
(remember, this was written pre-9/11. Main types of crisis include
legal, reputational, human resources, health and regulatory (compare
this with Mitroff's main types, 2005)
Phases
The identifies how well the company is prepared for dealing with a
crisis. The five phases are:
- Signal detection - monitoring the environment, internal
and external, for warning signs. This can be difficult, as firms are
always bombarded with signals
- Preparation/prevention - This identifies how well a firm
continuously and arduously works to prevent crises from occurring.
These firms are referred to as "crisis prepared" and are compared to
"crisis prone" firms, which have a different mind set (See
Mitroff and Alpaslan's article, 2003)
- Damage containment - stopping failure of elements
infecting untouched parts of the system (This is also called "tight
coupling" - see Perrow, 1984). This is
virtually impossible to do during a crisis, so it must be done
beforehand
- Recovery - crisis prepared firms organise both short and
long term business recovery programs. The implication is that the
psychological wellbeing of people is a factor (though it is not
explicitly mentioned"
- Learning - learning from mistakes is the only way to stop a
crisis happening again. Too many firms "gloss over over this phase"
(Also known as "the amnesia syndrome" - see
Boin and Lagadec, 2000)
Factors of CM - Systems/Stakeholders
CMT and Simulations
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